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The World Health Organization (WHO) on Wednesday raised the highest alert, declaring Mpox a global health emergency for the second time since 2022, as Africa has reported 14,000 cases, including 524 deaths, and threatens to spread to other continents.
What is Mpox?
Monkeypox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which is in the same family as smallpox.
The disease was first discovered in monkeys and can infect a variety of animals and humans.
Although historically rare, recent outbreaks have demonstrated its potential to spread widely.
Although MPOX is generally less severe than smallpox, it still poses serious health risks, especially to vulnerable populations.
Global cases surge
According to the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), between January and July 2024, approximately 14,500 cases of MPOX and more than 450 related deaths were reported.
Compared with the same period in 2023, the infection rate increased by 160% and the mortality rate increased by 19%.
While the Democratic Republic of the Congo accounts for 96% of these cases, the disease has also spread to other neighboring countries, including Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda, where the disease is not usually endemic.
How does Mpox spread?
Mpox is mainly spread through close contact with infected people or animals.
Transmission can occur through direct contact with skin lesions or body fluids, respiratory droplets from close or prolonged contact, and contaminated objects such as bedding or clothing.
Identifying symptoms
Symptoms of Mpox may initially resemble other viral infections but usually progress through different stages.
Early symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches and swollen lymph nodes.
As the infection progresses, a rash develops, first on the face and then spreading to other parts of the body.
The rash develops into raised, fluid-filled blisters that eventually form crusts.
The disease also causes fatigue, back pain and sometimes gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea or vomiting.
Global Health Response
As MPOX remains a concern for health officials worldwide, understanding its transmission and symptoms is critical to controlling and preventing its spread.
Public health measures, including awareness raising and early detection, are key to controlling the outbreak.
People who suspect infection or exposure to MPOX are advised to seek medical advice and follow recommended precautions.
Health authorities and WHO continue to work hard to address this ongoing health challenge.
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