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They say that we are directly exposed to the gases and particles produced during fires through inhalation, but they can also subsequently enter the body through food and water. Through inhalation or ingestion, these substances enter our organism and have a harmful effect on our health.
Health consequences can be immediate or delayed. They depend greatly on the type of pollutant, the amount that enters the body, the duration and extent of exposure, the method of introduction, and the sensitivity of the individual.
Respiratory tract irritation
Inhalation of high concentrations of particles and other pollutants can immediately irritate the respiratory tract and can also affect other organ systems. In this case, the body reacts with inflammation of the mucous membranes, leading to tearing, runny nose, coughing and difficulty breathing.
Patients with acute and chronic respiratory diseases may experience increased problems. Patients with cardiovascular disease may also become sicker and have an increased chance of having a heart attack.
Who are the groups at risk and how can we avoid problems?
Infants and children, pregnant women, the elderly, people with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and diabetes are particularly at risk. Air pollution can only be avoided by moving to a less polluted environment. We can ensure this by staying indoors for a period of time.
Therefore, NIJZ recommends that residents always follow the advice of the rescue teams or the Protection and Rescue Management. It is necessary to avoid the affected areas and stay away from the fire.
What to do if problems arise?
People who have been exposed to smoke and have health problems should consult a doctor. If the skin feels burned, remove clothing and wash with soap and water; if the mucous membranes are burned, NIJZ recommends flushing with clean running water.
If personnel have been in contact with materials produced by the fire, dust and contaminated clothing should be removed and stored in plastic bags. Wash exposed skin with plenty of soap and water.
If there is still a noticeable odor near the fire, i.e. the stench of fire, NIJZ recommends staying outside the area or indoors. If any obvious environmental contamination is found, it is best to avoid the area until these areas are cleared.
Avoid contact with exposed surfaces, fire-related fluids, and move toward the wind or away from the fire or minimize contact with air emissions. Fire pits.
There is also the possibility of ingestion of particles that may be contaminated with organic and inorganic substances. Therefore, NIJZ recommends that vegetables and fruits, which are already suitable for use depending on the growth level or maturity reached, should not be used.
For drinking water use, it is important to follow the advice of the water supply operator. Protection and Rescue Management. NIJZ also recommends that culvert owners prevent water contamination by moving water from fire-contaminated catchments away from storage tanks before precipitation begins.
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