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In 2023, 3.5 million immigrants born in Africa lived in France, accounting for 48% of the immigrant population, making Africa the main source of immigrants to France. Six out of ten immigrants born in Africa come from the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), compared to nine in 1968. The number of immigrants from the Sahel, Guinea or Central Africa has doubled since 2006.
46% of migrants aged 18 to 59 who were born in Africa and arrived in France at the age of 16 or older said family was the reason for their move to France. Study and work were also common reasons for moving to France, with almost a quarter of African migrants mentioning both. 27% of migrants from Guinea or Central Africa came to France to escape insecurity or political unrest.
Among African-born migrants who were already employed in France before migration, 26% were employed (at the time of the survey, or in their last job in France when unemployed) in a position with lower qualifications than their pre-migration position. Having a higher education degree does not protect against the risk of declining career mobility, especially when the degree is not recognized in France.
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