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One of the greatest successes of this project, led by AMLO Andrés Manuel López Obrador, has been to break the hegemony of neoliberalism as a dominant discourse. Likewise, the attempt to eradicate Mexican neoliberalism involves a kind of surgery and a series of treatments that can be compared to chemotherapy, which is still ongoing.
Because neoliberalism as an ideological, economic, cultural, social and personal phenomenon cannot be eliminated without occupying space with a progressive discourse that challenges it, destroys it, denounces it as a representative of neo-fascism and a norm of unipolar global domination. We are therefore witnessing the transformation of a world that is still dominated by a poverty model not seen in other phases of capitalism.
Morena’s electoral victory on June 2, 2024 marks a new paradigm under construction, capitalist, nationalist, pragmatic, unfinished, and I want to reiterate that the election results cannot be based solely on social programs, material well-being and achievements in all areas of the economy and society. Despite the challenges, mistakes, political debts, the undeniable achievement is the victory of what I call the “hegemony of national discourse.”
Discourse hegemony is an ambitious and complex operation that can only be generated by the enormous political legitimacy and real power that is oriented to the interests of the majority. Similarly, breaking the paradigm means mobilizing ideology to fight against the common enemy that has been articulated and exposed: neoliberalism, but without trying to defeat the more powerful enemy: capitalism, which, as always, tends to reorganize itself and is therefore at risk of a future return.
(frasepzp1)
Is neoliberalism dead in Mexico? It is not possible to claim victory at this point. Capitalism, born of a particular individualization and of structure, still works. What AMLO has done is to start cleaning up a national project that requires a certain degree of nationalism and pragmatism to provide capitalist stability and create the conditions for minimal social mobility, while fighting historical privileges.
What scenario does President-elect Claudia Sheinbaum face? Undoubtedly, the challenges remain enormous. Macroeconomic indicators and the geopolitical situation are encouraging. However, the continuity of the project is limited by public debt and security, which remains a multifaceted challenge. Mexico is a country with high levels of poverty and extreme poverty, and what neoliberals often call “competitiveness”, and the winning political project must face coherence to guarantee continuity in 2030.
What can we learn from Mexico’s political experience? It is impossible to elaborate so much in one column, but if I dare to summarize, I would say that, in a situation where the balance of power is unfavorable, the government of the Republic of Guatemala can dispute this rhetoric by being pragmatic in achieving for the poorest groups security benefits, health, education and some material welfare. Likewise, the urban middle class is waiting for signs of change that go beyond the fight against corruption that seems to be bogged down in the public sector.
Or in other words, results must be shown so that they can relate to a country that must be saved, strengthened, rethought and provided with the tools to fight privilege. In this case, I don’t think they will have less than four years to dismantle the neoliberal paradigm, but there are also encouraging signs in the polls, even against the fascist, Zionist and individualist rhetoric of the most famous drug priests.
Despite the political and legal setbacks, the Guatemalan government still has time to argue for conceptual control and begin to build a progressive discourse in the collective imagination. Neighboring relations with Mexico and other structural and unifying factors can contribute to saving this small country.
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