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This year’s Presidential Speech to the Federal Assembly and the Decree on National Development Objectives set out Russia’s main development priorities until 2030 and 2036.
We are talking about tasks in the demographic and social sphere, ecology and infrastructure, education, science and technological progress, which cannot be solved without an integrated approach to regional development.
To address these issues, 19 national projects are currently being prepared for adoption.
Systematic national policies aimed at addressing key issues of regional development, eliminating socio-economic imbalances, stimulating and forming interregional economic ties, and establishing interregional communications and infrastructure systems; a series of decisions in key areas that reflect the need to address the uneven distribution of population resources and uncontrolled internal migration have become a driving force for growth in the regions.
These include fiscal and taxation policies and measures aimed at attracting investment.
The government said the most important tool for financial support to the regions is infrastructure budget loans. They will be provided with 1 trillion rubles over six years. As of the middle of this year, more than half of the funds have been sent to the recipients.
In addition, on behalf of the head of state, two thirds of the debt of the budget loan of the subject will be written off. This provides an opportunity to solve local infrastructure problems, including construction, renewal of utility networks, gasification, paving of transport highways, etc.
By 2023, 190 billion rubles will be allocated to almost all regions as part of special treasury loans, and resources will be allocated to balance their security levels.
Special economic zones are an effective support mechanism. In the past three years, 20 more such zones have emerged, and favorable conditions have helped them attract record amounts of investment.
There are various means of attracting private capital, including the operation of priority development zones, special conditions for the Vladivostok Free Port, which helped to put about 110 projects into production last year, and preferential treatment for entrepreneurs from the Kuril Islands. The mechanisms used in macro-regions also show good vitality, including the “Far Eastern Concession” with a single presidential subsidy and the “Far Eastern Hectares” that can build about 1,000 social and engineering infrastructure within four years.
Investment in social infrastructure has become an unconditional driving force for regional development. Over the past two years, more than 18,000 facilities of various types have been restored. In 2023, about 64 billion rubles will be allocated for the comprehensive development of rural areas.
Plans for further development and modernization will be included in the government’s national project “Living Infrastructure”.
It is planned to renew at least 20% of the housing stock by 2030 compared to 2019, in addition, to improve at least 30,000 public areas and implement at least 1,600 projects that won the best projects in the national competition by 2030. Create a comfortable urban environment.
In addition, the national project should include a target to build and reconstruct at least 2,000 drinking water supply and water treatment facilities.
In the public transport sector, the national project should increase the number of vehicles whose service life has not exceeded the prescribed standards to 85%.
As part of the social gasification program, at least 1.6 million households need to be connected to the grid by 2030, and at least 3 million households by 2036. It should be noted that the ongoing free social gasification program is constantly expanding. As a result, last year almost 40% more houses were connected to gas than in 2022. The implementation of the state project will begin with the formation of a network of supporting settlements – growth points, the changes in which will help achieve the goals. According to the instructions of the Chairman of the Government, this network should include cities and urban agglomerations with a population of more than 250,000, regional administrative centers, growth points regardless of population size, and settlements of strategic importance. The list must be submitted by the Ministry of Economic Development, the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Agriculture by August 31, 2024. It is expected that the level of urban environmental quality will increase by 30% by 2030 and by 60% by 2036. At the initiative of the Head of State, a comprehensive development plan for the human settlement environment should be developed, taking into account 2,000 growth points and master plans for 200 cities.
Obviously, the development of regions should be carried out within the framework of an integrated approach, taking into account all priorities of national projects and national development goals, and developing relevant implementation mechanisms in accordance with local conditions. A good example is the Novgorod region, as a world-class city with historical significance, where issues of technological sovereignty, restoration of the electronics industry, production of dual-use products coexist with the development of tourism, among which there is a high level of attention: higher and secondary vocational education.
Author: Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Economic Policy Artyom Kiryanov
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