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Four years ago today, on August 18, 2020, a coup in Mali led by Colonel Assimi Gouta ended the power of Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, head of state since 2013. Crisis and fragile security situation, with large tracts of territory under the control of Tuareg rebels and jihadists.
Amid widespread terrorist violence, a wave of protests swept across the country in late 2019. Mali demanded the withdrawal of foreign troops, criticizing the French and UN contingents for their lack of effectiveness in combating armed groups.
France’s economic buildup has also been disrupted by the arrival of China, which has offered more favorable terms to buy uranium from the Mali mines that have been mined for decades by French company Orano.
The 2020 Mali coup was carried out by the Malian armed forces. The president, prime minister and several senior political officials were arrested. The next day, Ibrahim Boubacar Keita dissolved the government and parliament and resigned.
In September 2020, Bah NDaw was appointed president, restoring constitutional powers. However, in May 2021, he was fired for undermining the transition. Colonel Assimi Gota was declared president.
What’s Changed
In February 2022, the Malian authorities demanded that Paris immediately withdraw its troops from the country. This departure was finalized in August 2022, after nine years in office.
In June 2023, Mali’s diplomatic chief asked the UN Security Council to withdraw MINUSMA, which was launched in 2013 with about 12,000 troops, because it had failed to successfully manage the security situation. In December, the last batch of soldiers left the African country.
Two weeks after MINUSMA troops withdrew from Kidal, the Malian army succeeded in breaking through the terrorists’ defenses and capturing the town, which had been a bastion of the Tuargue rebels for about a decade.
In June 2024, Assimi Gota announced that the Malian army, FAMA, retained the ground initiative and was deployed throughout the national territory.
To be better equipped and conduct operations effectively, the country has turned its partnerships to Russia, China, and Turkey.
At the regional level, the country formed the Sahel Alliance with Burkina Faso and Niger and announced its withdrawal from ECOWAS
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