Who is Florida’s black sheep, Raúl González Tuñón?

Fifty years ago, when he was not yet 69, he was one of the important voices of society. Argentine poetic avant-gardeBy the 1920s, Raul Gonzalez Tuñonwhich later became the cornerstone of modern poetry.

He was born in Buenos Aires on March 29, 1905, and was less than 20 years old when he published this famous magazine. Faces and masks Published his first poem. Then bow Founded in Jorge Luis Borges In 1922 he opened a space for him to promote his baptismal works.

In 1924, the most sophisticated writers (Oliviero Girondo, Francisco Luis Bernárdez, Macedonio Fernández, Jorge Luis Borges, Conrado Nare Roqueslo, etc.) were brought together by the pretentious magazine Martin FierroThe snob of the moment, González Tuñón, also appears among them, almost like a black sheep.

Editorial Office Martin Fierro Located on the corner of Florida and Tucumán, the staff was busy handling desks while delivering packages. Richmond Candy Store– when not in Café Tortoni -, the whole marketing adds its visible aesthetic pretense, which is more formal than substantial (art for art’s sake, literary pearls, poetic preciousness), making it Martin Fierro In the midst of the booming 1920s, another powerful literary scene, the so-called group Buedo.

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The heart of this suburb (they gather at the bar Japanese) was born with the “children” of the editorial office of Claridad (Elías Castelnuovo, Leónidas Barletta, Roberto Arte, Nicolas Olivari, Alvaro Yunqueetc.) and have a common literary denominator: preferring the power of his work’s narrative, being more committed to social injustice.

The brother of a well-known journalist, Enrique González Tuñón, Raúl did not need to do much to be accepted into the most respected intellectual circles of the time. The rest of his merits – let us clarify – would eventually be validated during his lifetime through his first early publications, Devil’s Violin (1926) Ash Wednesday (1928), plus 25 volumes of Green Leaf Poetry, adding about eight inevitable anthologies of his works.

Ideologically, he had red blood in his veins, and red blood also flowed in his frequent participation in international secret conferences. Communist “He spared no effort in railing against capitalism”

That being said, it’s clear that his joining the paper as a reporter didn’t cost him anything. Reviewcompleting the work of his pen and consolidating his training. There he joined hands with Jorge Luis Borges, editing the cultural supplement. Ulysses Petit de Murat.

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Almost everyone agrees Florida and Boedo literary competitionSomehow this puts González Tuñón in a “bad light” that is both untrue and amusing (for example, Arté is Ricardo Giraldes’ secretary), but those who take the bait see González Tuñón as a double agent or undercover agent. Martin FierroFor, while it was obvious that he was wherever Borges was, ideologically speaking, he had only red blood flowing through his veins, and he spared no effort in railing against capitalism in his frequent participation in international communist conclaves. Raúl González Tuñón had been baptizing his literary self since at least 1934. Juancito Walker, Argentinianism that is the opposite of the core of the famous Scotch. If it is worth clarifying, he was an early active radical and affiliated with the Communist Party.

They see Raúl González Tuñón as Double Agent or secret agent “Martin Fierro”

Bodepai Nicholas OlivariOn the other hand, he is not only one of his best friends, but also co-authored with González Tuñón the play “They Turned Three Times, Then They Left”.

With a combination of sensationalism, brevity, lenfa, good signatures, and better pens, the paper Natalio Botana Completed the tracing of González Tuñón’s literary personality, Urban Poet The sound of the river plate was the sound of a prosperous and self-important country at the time, where growing anarchism and mobs, circus performances, tango, the melancholy of the port, the struggles of the workers and Combative Poetry. His works are therefore full of color.

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However, Raúl González Tuñón loved to travel and managed to become a correspondent for Crítica during the Spanish Civil War. In Madrid, he began his friendship with Federico García Lorca and, in particular, with Miguel Hernández, who admired him and was particularly attracted by his poetry. To express his gratitude, the Argentine poet will write a biography to him, Miguel Hernández, Fate and Poetry.

In Madrid he began his friendship with Federico García Lorca and in particular Miguel Hernandezespecially attracted by his poems”

It was in 1936 that González Tuñón published another of his important works: Armored RoseInspired by the Asturian Revolution of 1934 and acclaimed by peers Pablo NerudaHe was also in Spain at the time with his second wife, Argentine Delia del Carril, who said With these lines, the author is “the first to protect the rose”They were more than just flowers thrown at each other, because for the Spanish avant-garde, Raúl González Tuñón was part and protagonist of an ism that rocked Europe in the first half of the 20th century. In Spain, González Tuñón is considered one of the “poets of the Spanish Civil War” and the incomparable Miguel Hernandez and García Lorca.

In 1935 he published his poem Commando Brigade, He was sentenced to two years in prison, but the measure was repealed following a wave of protests in several countries including Spain, France, Argentina and the United States.

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When he finished his work in Spain, he went to Chile, where Pablo Neruda received him in his home. Together they founded the Chilean headquarters of the Union of Intellectuals for the Defense of Culture. This connection gave rise to some of his writings on the Andean peoples and Patagonia.

In 1935, he published his poemCommando Brigade, He was sentenced to two years in prisonBut due to the wave of protests, the measure was ineffective”

“How could I not love him if he talked about the little lamps on the street where I was born, about the balconies where the darkest swallows would nest again, about the impossible Madeleines with whom I would never sleep, about the kicks against my legs and the doors that they would close in the middle of the night to keep me awake? “How could I not love him if I, too, collected postcards, wanted to travel, wanted to be happy, and before anyone else, yes, before anyone, I had fallen in love with Rosita?”

When he finished his work in Spain, he went to Chile, where Pablo Neruda received him in his home. ”

If you don’t know where to start, you should start with Streets with Holes in Socks (1930). In the meantime, here are some scattered verses:

“Suddenly free / With a sword in hand. / We all fell asleep, / We all woke up / Love and hate walked / Beyond the skull. / Suddenly freedom came in, / She had nothing in her hand. / Freedom clenched her fist. / Oh! So… (Freedom Arrives Suddenly

“Do you remember the little black chimney sweep?
Because today’s little chimney sweeps are grown men.
Who is screaming in the tavern?
They spit dust in the black factory
And those fleeting prostitutes waiting
In the wasteland and corners” (Bruce the Chimney Sweep

“Pain kills friendsLife is hard
Since you have neither home nor wife,
If you want to see pink life
Put twenty cents in the slot” (Put twenty cents into the coin slot）

“A corner of the neighborhood, sad and picturesque
Like a shaky, gray, spectral curtain,
Falling into the dark suburban theater,
When everyone is dead, there is no prompt…” (Tram Graveyard）

“I know that in every city there is a street,
A street no one knows or walks on.
Only I went to her in naked pain,
With only the memory of the woman he loved.
It is in A portA port? I know a port.
To say: I already know is to say: something is dead.Street with a hole in the middle）

“When the powder must be thrown
The man will throw the gunpowder.
When the book must be published
That person will throw the book away.
From the combination of gunpowder and books
Can germinate The purest rose“(The Moon Has a Trigger）

“With the world’s poor,
The slaves stood without bread!
The old song recognized me
I’m going with my brothers.
It’s 3 p.m. May 1,
Today is our old pain’s birthday.
No, today is not a holiday.
But we learned to sing.
yes After the song, the bullets will come“(Commando Brigade）