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fall Georgia Melonilike the alignment of the planets. The Italian President of the Council, in addition to winning his own support in the European elections (June 6-9), scored another point in the fight against the migration phenomenon, making Italy a core country in the Mediterranean.
Through perseverance and determination, she has actually come to realize that Tunisia has its own my own Mediterranean Search and Rescue Zone. This “special zone” was formally established by the Tunisian Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre.
Getting rid of Kais Sayid’s reluctance
Specifically, Tunisia is responsible for the maritime zone beyond the territorial waters established by the partners. In this area, the country should make its ships available for rescue operations and, most importantly, for the transportation of migrants. WHO Will be intercepted or rescued to a nearby safe port in Tunisia.
Less than a year ago, Kais SaidDespite this, the Tunisian president assured that his country had no intention of European bordersFor months, Meroni has worked to overcome these reluctances. On June 4, 2024, she announced at the Council of Ministers that an Italian-Tunisian working group was working on the creation of a special administrative region. arrive The Hamburg Convention standard. On June 19, the International Maritime Organization (a specialized agency of the United Nations) officially signed the agreement, but most Tunisian media remained silent on it.
Tunisia has so far refused to abide by the SAR principle, arguing that this would be tantamount to a loss of sovereignty. Chapter 3 of the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR Convention) deals with cooperation between States and specifically provides for Influence “Unless otherwise decided by the States concerned, a Party shall allow the rescue units of the other Party, subject to applicable national laws, rules and regulations, to immediately enter its territorial waters or territory or to fly over them for the sole purpose of conducting search and rescue activities.
In fact, interventions of this nature have been going on for several months. affix The label of “special administrative region” makes it possible to better codify them and prevents Tunisia from changing its position if it wants to renege on its agreement with the EU. “By reaching an agreement, Giorgia Meloni has achieved her goal,” said one outgoing MEP. She regretted that the 27-nation conference had not taken into account Tunisia’s vulnerability and played the role of Italian leadership. “Through the EU, it has already given Tunisia a leg up.” add The situation in the northern part of the Maghreb countries is dire,” he lamented.
Lampedusa bans immigrants?
However, some observers point out that the Italian Council of State refused to send the six yachts on June 20, 2024, following an appeal by Italian NGOs that questioned the merits of transferring these outboards to Tunisia, as well as the financing (total 4.8 million euros) for their repairs. However, from Rome, it seems that the goal is clear: obligation Tunisia blocks route to Lampedusa for would-be migrants.
Specifically, the task is not simple. The Tunisian authorities must take into account the restrictions of the Italian and Libyan special zones. It can be said that disputes and disputes on the high seas are foreseeable, especially since the EU considers Libya and Tunisia to be “safe countries” for exile candidates, and many non-governmental organizations have already discovered some abuses against migrants. exist Libya.
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In Tunisia, the situation of these migrants is also precarious. They are confined in particular to a wild camp in El Amra, near Sfax (central east), without any rights or legal existence. Since the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding on the Strategic and Global Partnership between the EU and Tunisia in July 2023, the number of migrants arriving in Italy from Tunisia and Libya actually seems to have decreased – we are talking about 20,000 people arrive The figure is 60,000 in the first quarter of 2024 and 60,000 in the same period of 2023. Tunisia appears to be fulfilling its part of the contract.
However, the 900 million euros of European aid planned in the same memorandum has still not been disbursed and the IMF has frozen all aid to Tunisia. Giorgia Meloni is, of course, committed to doing what is necessary. But at the moment, as an old Italian proverb says: “There is nothing but smoke. of bake”.
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