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In 2023, cargo unloads were 396 million tonnes, down 8.6% year-on-year. Outbound cargo volumes to other countries also fell, by 5.1% to 178 million tonnes.
Dry bulk imports fall
Inbound freight volumes fell across all categories, especially dry bulk (-17.1%), with coal seeing the biggest drop of 32%. The Netherlands received fewer coal shipments (from 8.5 million tonnes in 2022 to 0.1 million tonnes in 2023), especially from Ukraine. Fewer ore shipments also arrived (-2.3%).
| Inbound | ||
|---|---|---|
| Liquid bulk cargo | 194.8 | 202.0 |
| Dry Bulk | 109.1 | 131.5 |
| Container cargo | 73.0 | 76.7 |
| RoRo vehicle 1⁾ | 8.9 | 9.6 |
| normal goods /Other/Unknown |
10.2 | 13.6 |
| Exit | ||
| Liquid bulk cargo | 69.9 | 73.9 |
| Dry Bulk | 20.8 | 21.0 |
| Container cargo | 63.3 | 69.4 |
| RoRo vehicle 1⁾ | 16.5 | 17.3 |
| normal goods /Other/Unknown |
8.1 | 6.4 |
| 1) RoRo. This refers to freight equipment with wheels. | ||
Oil and petroleum product imports fell, container volumes fell
In 2023, total imports of liquid bulk cargoes, including natural gas, oil and oil products, fell by 3.5%, with oil products falling by 5.1%. However, imports of oil and oil products from the United States (the country with the largest share) increased by 61.4%. The second largest supplier was the United Kingdom, with a decrease of 11.1%. Russia, the largest supplier before the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, also saw a sharp drop in imports of oil and oil products (down 77%), as was the case in 2022.
In 2023, less containerized cargo was unloaded at Dutch seaports. The total weight of arriving containerized cargo fell by 4.6% and the number of containers (measured in TEUs) by 6.9%. More than a quarter of the containers came from China. While the share of containers shipped from China remained the same, the number fell by 5.5%.
Among the exported goods, the decline in exports of liquid bulk and containerized cargo was particularly obvious, down 5.4% and 8.4% respectively.
Natural gas imports from the United States doubled
Natural gas supplies increased by 25.5%. Most (70%) came from the United States. Russia was the largest supplier until 2022. In 2023, natural gas from the United States increased by 52.1%, while Russian natural gas supplies fell by 61.0%.
| Liquid bulk cargo | |
|---|---|
| Liquefied gas | 25.5 |
| oil | -0.4 |
| Petroleum products | -12.3 |
| Other liquid bulk cargoes | -9.2 |
| Dry Bulk | 0.0 |
| ore | -2.3 |
| coal | -32.0 |
| Agricultural products | -10.3 |
| Other dry bulk | -13.5 |
In 2023, most goods will come from the United States
The volume of cargo arriving from the United States increased by 28.8% compared to 2022. The United States provided the largest share of inbound cargo, at 58.5 million tonnes (14.8%). Russia was the largest supplier in 2022, but this began to change in December 2022 due to additional EU sanctions on Russian oil, oil products and coal. In 2023, only 2.7% of inbound cargo came from Russia.
After the United States, the countries with the largest unloading volumes in 2023 will be the United Kingdom, Norway, Brazil and China.
| USA | 41.3 | 13.2 | 2.5 | 11.8 | 1.5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.K. | 22.7 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 7.6 | 0.6 |
| Norway | 14.1 | 8.6 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 1.2 |
| Brazil | 6.7 | 15.3 | 2.0 | 0 | 0.4 |
| China | 2.8 | 0.8 | 20.0 | 0 | 0.2 |
| 1) RoRo. This refers to freight equipment with wheels. | |||||
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