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Leaders of NATO’s 32 member states gathered in Washington from July 9 to 11 to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the signing of the Atlantic Treaty. The summit took place against the backdrop of continued difficulties for Ukraine in the face of Russian aggression and political uncertainty surrounding Joe Biden.
During this summit, the heads of state and government must resolve several major issues, including military and financial support for Ukraine. As Russia gradually gains the upper hand, the situation on the Ukrainian front requires urgent decisions. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky hopes to obtain a firm commitment from Western allies, especially in terms of air defense systems.
The situation in Ukraine has become more complicated since Russia’s massive invasion two years ago. Recent deadly attacks on several Ukrainian cities have highlighted the need to strengthen the country’s defense. The NATO Secretary General stressed that deterrence and defense of Ukraine and relations with NATO partners in the Indo-Pacific region are the main topics of this summit.
The future of NATO, founded in 1949 to counter the Soviet threat, depends in part on its ability to adapt to new threats. The alliance must find a balance between supporting Ukraine and avoiding escalation, lest Ukraine become a common adversary against Russia. President Zelensky advocates for the addition of seven U.S. Patriot systems, which are essential to protecting civilians and ensuring the safety of future F-16 fighter jets.
Although NATO provides non-lethal support, such as fuel, combat rations and equipment to counter drones, the alliance cannot directly arm Ukraine. Such military support must come from member states individually or collectively. As a partner rather than a member, Ukraine cannot benefit from the collective security guarantees provided for in Article 5 of the treaty.
This summit could determine NATO’s future direction in the face of the Ukrainian crisis. The decisions made will not only affect Ukraine’s security, but also Europe’s stability and the Atlantic Alliance’s credibility as a guarantor of world peace and security.
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