Find out five of the rarest diseases in the world and their main symptoms to identify them

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this diabeteshigh blood pressure or asthma are diseases we are already familiar with, and there are certainly people around us who suffer from them. But there are some conditions in the world that are so rare that even medicine is not aware of their existence. The media “Medical News Today” presents five Unusual diseases.

In the field of health, Orphan Diseasesalso known as Rare Diseasesposing major challenges to both medical research and healthcare.

According to the Colombian Ministry of Health and Social Security portal, between 6,000 and 7,000 cases of these conditions have been detected worldwide. Each of these diseases affects a small number of people compared to other more common diseases.

These are some of them The rarest diseases in the worldAccording to Medical News Today.

Most people experience intoxication after drinking alcohol. However, some people experience intoxication and hangover without consuming an alcoholic beverage. This rare condition is called Homebrew Syndrome o Gut fermentation syndromeeating carbohydrate-rich foods can lead to ethanol production in the intestines. The main cause is an excess of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which ferments carbohydrates and produces ethanol.

Although the amount of alcohol produced is not enough to be detected as intoxication, it can cause symptoms such as hiccups, chronic fatigue syndrome, dizziness, disorientation, hangovers, and irritable bowel syndrome.

This phenomenon is called Foreign Accent Syndromeis a speech disorder caused by damage to the part of the brain responsible for coordinating speech.

Documented accent changes include variations from Japanese to Korean or from British English to French. In some cases, the condition may have a psychogenic origin and be associated with psychiatric illness without neurological damage.

Photo: National Archives

this Trimethylamineuriaoh Fish odor syndromeThe inability to break down trimethylamine causes the body to emit an unpleasant odor through sweat, breath, and urine. This disease, caused by mutations in the FMO3 gene, severely affects the patient’s daily life and mental health.

Strategies to manage the disease include modifying the diet to eliminate or reduce trimethylamine precursors, such as NOx, found in fish and seafood, and choline, found in eggs, mustard seeds, chicken and beef livers, and raw soybeans. However, choline deficiency can lead to liver problems, neurological disorders, and an increased risk of cancer.

he Fatal family insomnia is a hereditary degenerative brain disease that causes increasingly severe forms of Insomniawhich affects the autonomic nervous system. The condition is caused by a mutation in the gene for a prion-related protein, which causes the damaged protein to accumulate in the thalamus, an area key to movement and perception. This damages brain cells, leading to severe symptoms.

Despite attempts at antipsychotic and antimalarial treatments, there is currently no cure and research into this condition continues.

he Proteus syndrome Due to mutations in the AKT1 gene, it causes disproportionate growth of various tissues. The condition can lead to intellectual disability, vision problems, epilepsy, noncancerous tumors, and deep vein thrombosis. While not always visible at birth, symptoms usually appear between 6 and 18 months of age and gradually worsen.

The most famous case is Joseph Carey Merrick, who lived in 19th century England and was known as the “Elephant Man.”