Wildfires and extreme rainfall exacerbate erosion and sediment movement, USGS-led study shows

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Location map of the general study area, upper Carmel River, central coast of California.

one Recent Research The study, led by U.S. Geological Survey scientists, describes the amount of sediment produced in watersheds affected by such events, focusing on the Carmel River watershed on California’s central coast.

The study aimed to quantify the sediment produced after wildfires, rainstorms, and floods. By measuring the volume of sediment in reservoirs in the Carmel River Basin, the researchers could assess the sediment export rates after fires and floods. Their results showed that sediment production rates after these events were significantly higher than the long-term average for the region.

Sediment surges pose challenges to water systems and infrastructure. Sediment accumulation in reservoirs reduces their storage capacity, while excessive sediment runoff after fires can impede the operation of water systems and damage roads and infrastructure. Therefore, understanding sediment dynamics after wildfires and extreme weather is critical for effective resource management and infrastructure protection.

Read related press releases: Soil erosion from California wildfires has increased since 1984

To validate their observations, the scientists compared their results with predictions from the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model. They found that the model accurately predicted the amount of sediment that would be produced, demonstrating its usefulness in predicting erosion outcomes in similar environments.

The findings are particularly important for regions with Mediterranean climates, such as coastal California, where wet winters, dry summers, and steep watersheds are common. The study highlights the importance of preparing for increased sediment flows from climate-induced wildfires and changes in precipitation patterns.

By providing a clearer understanding of sediment dynamics following wildfires and extreme rainfall, the research provides valuable insights into the impacts of climate change on water resources and infrastructure, and could inform strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of increased erosion and sediment transport in vulnerable watersheds.