12th century supernova: New discovery reveals recent stellar winds

Stellar explosion Computer models were used to recreate the contents of the 1181 record. This suggests that it may have recently started producing stellar winds. Known as supernova SN 1181, it was documented in historical records from Japan and other parts of Asia. However, its location and structure remained unresolved until a team of researchers pinpointed it in 2021.

Scientists have discovered that two white dwarfs collided, creating a temporary “guest star” that was observed for 180 days before disappearing. Now, using computer models and observational analysis, researchers have reconstructed the structure of the white dwarf remnant. This rare phenomenon, characterized by the formation of a double shock wave, pIt probably began producing high-speed stellar winds within the last 20 to 30 years.

Discovery expands our understanding of the diversity of supernova explosions and bright spots The importance of interdisciplinary research, Combine historical and modern astronomy to make new discoveries in our galaxy.

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In 1181, Japan experienced the Genpei War, a conflict that marked a shift in political power. The appearance of a new star was recorded in the Eastern Mirror. “At its peak, the star’s brightness was comparable to that of Saturn,” explained Junjun Gao, a doctoral student in the Department of Astronomy at the University of Tokyo. “It was visible to the naked eye for about 180 days until it dimmed and disappeared.”

The stellar remnant, now known as Supernova Remnant (SNR) 1181, was created by the collision of two white dwarfs. This rare type of supernova, called a Type Iax supernova, A bright, rapidly spinning white dwarf star is left behind. Astrophysicists used historical observations to determine its location in the Cassiopeia nebula in 2021.

The study showed that SNR 1181 consists of two shock regions, an outer one and an inner one. The main challenge is that, normally, Collisions of white dwarfs should cause them to disappear. However, the merger left behind a white dwarf that was expected to immediately generate a stellar wind, but the data suggested something different.

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“If the wind blows immediately, “We were unable to reproduce the size of the inner shock region”“By considering the occurrence of wind as a variable, we explain all the observed features of SNR 1181 and reveal the nature of this high-speed wind,” Ko said.

The team determined that the wind probably began within the past 20 or 30 years, suggesting that the white dwarf may have restarted burning due to material ejected from the 1181 explosion. To test their model, the team plans to Further observations were carried out using the Very Large Array radio telescope in New Mexico and the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii.

“The age of supernovae can still be determined through archaeological evidence “It is invaluable to modern astronomy.”“This kind of interdisciplinary research is exciting and highlights the potential of combining different fields to discover new dimensions of astronomical phenomena,” Ko said.

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